All you want to know about ancient Mayan civilization

The Maya is one of the oldest civilizations in large parts of Central America, currently known as El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala and Belize, which is located in five southern states of Mexico: Quintanar, Yucatan, Campeche, Chiapas, and Tabasco. The origins of the Mayan people are the American Indians who established the civilization of Central America, which reached its peak in the middle of the third century AD and continued to develop for more than six centuries. It is one of the finest civilizations that lived in the Americas due to their mastery of architecture, engineering, and writing.

The Maya civilization extended to much of Central America, and a host of densely populated villages were found throughout the Mayan areas. Despite this widespread of Mayan civilization, it was composed of small states; each state had its own ruler,

The Mayan civilization reached its height and prosperity in the period that scientists called the classical period, according to Yale University researcher Michael Ku. The Mayan civilization is one of the most powerful civilizations in the ancient world. Civilization lasted about three thousand years. Many of the remains that remained today, such as the Amphitheater and the ruins of Tulum, have been left to mankind.

The Mayan people are farmers, merchants, priests, nobles, slaves, and the religious and political authority has been in charge of the affairs of this society. The Maya people, of all sects, had a religious rite of offering offerings to the gods. These offerings should have been made up of young people and children. These rituals in the Mayan civilization, despite their cruelty, were natural, as no revolt against these rituals

Strange things and wonders about the people of Maya

The Maya civilization was known from the fourth century until the Spanish came to the establishment of the pyramids and above its peaks temples and houses of priests, and was famous for pottery, which was in the form of cylindrical cups with three-legged and colored bowls. The Maya had their figurative writings and the works of the Frisk. In western Panama, traces of gold and pottery were found, and tombs were found. The Mayan civilization is known as hieroglyphics

The ancient Mayan empire was marked by its public buildings, its senior clergymen and stone-built priests. It was also famous for its large cities such as Kulan in Honduras. Some cities built walls around it, its streets were paved and paved roads connecting the main cities.

The Mayans did not know the carts with the calf and did not use the animals to carry the weight, but they carry them on the trade on their backs after tying them with a rope attached above the chest or front or transported in small boats by the waters of the coasts and rivers are made of logs of hollow trees after unloading from the core drilling.

The achievements of Mayan civilization

The civilization of the Mayan achievements as other civilizations in various fields, but it has been distinguished from other civilizations in certain areas have been created, and left evidence to indicate, and the most important of these areas:

1- Astronomy and Calendar The calendar was considered one of the cultural aspects of the Mayan civilization. The calendar consisted of eighteen months, every twenty days except the Holy Month (WYP), a month of five days. The calendar was adopted in 3114 BC, The calendar is a system called the long counting system that tracks time through different units ranging from one day to millions of years. In the field of astronomy, the Mayan people were aware of the dates and days accurately. They were also aware of the movements of the stars, as well as the phenomena of eclipses and eclipses.

2- Agriculture The Mayan people were the first people to plant maize nearly three thousand years ago, maize was the main ingredient of their dishes, and the Mayan people were the first people to plant and consume cocoa. Mayans also planted flannel and beans, Honey was one of the most important drinks they had made of their spiritual drinks, and some believe that the Maya people are chewing idea of what is known as the variety, taken from the gum trees in Central America and Mexico.

3- Architecture: The Mayan people have many and many pieces of evidence of their development in the field of architecture. The Mayan people were distinguished by the construction of large mosques and pyramids, and the most important archaeological sites that remained witness to Mayan civilization: Copan in Honduras, Tikal in Guatemala and Tazumal in El Salvador. The most important temples remaining and witness to the Mayan civilization, including the temple Kokolkan; a temple on each side of the ninety-one degree up to the top of the pyramid, the total base of this pyramid with the four degrees 365 degrees, and this number corresponds exactly with the number of days a year, the city of Palenque in Mexico is the top of Mayan creativity in architecture, and it is one of the largest archaeological sites of this great civilization.

4- Literature and Language: The Mayan peoples had more than one language to speak, and they numbered 36 languages. Many of the writings of the Maya were lost because of the invaders. Many of the writings of the Mayan people were lost. Spaniards burned.

5- Mathematics: The Mayan civilization was aware of the number zero while it lacked other civilizations, in addition to their knowledge of calculations such as multiplication and division, as well as the combination.


Mayan beliefs

The Mayan beliefs regarding the universe envisioned the universe as 13 heavens, each dominating the sky of a god called Oxalonet Niko. They also believed that there were nine heavens under the earth and would be controlled by Politico. They also believed that the last heaven from heaven was the sky of hell. They believe that this heaven includes the kingdom of the god of death they have, ah bash. The Mayan people also believe that there are many other worlds besides the present world, but all have vanished. Only the present world is left, and they believe that the present world, which has survived without dying or ending or disappears thanks to four guards guarding it in the four directions, That in the middle of the Mayan world there is a gabled tree whose roots extend to penetrate the world below and that its upper branches penetrate the sky.

Secrets of History: How the Maya civilization collapsed

The classic Mayan fall

There are many possibilities for the "classic Mayan fall", such as the dissolution and disappearance of Mayan religious centers, which caused the rift between 750 and 900 m. The Mayan centers, located in the lower southern lands, were then reduced during the eighth and ninth centuries and were abandoned shortly afterward. This decline was accompanied by a halt to the work of archaeological inscription and the cessation of urbanization and there is no explanation for this collapse.

But there are non-environmental possibilities for the decline of the Mayans for several reasons, for example, the increase in population and external invasions and peasant revolt against the domination of nobles and priests. In addition, Teotihuacan was looted and burned to the point of being turned into ashes by unidentified forces to stop its control of the Mayan areas. The main trade routes collapsed and the economic and cultural boom abruptly ceased to move to Kuschikalku and then to Toltec in the Mexican valley.

Environmental prospects include environmental disasters, epidemic diseases, and climate change. There is evidence that Mayans consumed environmental resources such as the depletion of agricultural potential and excessive hunting of large animals. Some scientists believe that a severe drought that drowned 200 years led to the collapse of the Mayan civilization


The collapse of the Mayan civilization Wars and famines were not the only cause of the Mayan civilization. Climate change was an important factor. The climate changed from a humid climate to a dry climate for long periods. This change was the result of the great natural change, not as in our times. Current - because of human impact on the surrounding environment. The period in which the Mayan civilization flourished was a period of agricultural expansion and an increase in the population as a result of the good and wet climate. A Mayan scholar said that the Mayan kings were credited with prosperity and rainfall. Drought solutions for extended periods of time, forcing the Mayan people to flee from drought and war.

finally, Here are some unbelievable facts

1. Despite the erosion of its fame and concealment of information, there are rural areas in Mexico and Guatemala that still have some Maya culture.

2- In fact, there are about 7 million Mayans living so far in the Yucatan Peninsula.

3- Medicine was a little advanced in the Mayan civilization. They used human hair to sew wounds, along with tooth fillings

4- The Mayan people used to put things in front of the eyes of the child so that the child was "blindfolded" and this was a tribute to some of the characteristics that must exist in the nobility.